Title: Thyroid problems: understanding symptoms, causes, and treatment methods

One of the indicators of hypothyroidism is neck swelling – Fotolia

Have you ever experienced extreme fatigue, hair loss, dry or flaky skin, sudden hunger, or abnormal weight changes? These symptoms may be indicative of thyroiditis or dysfunction. so, what’s the solution?

The thyroid gland, located in front of the trachea, contains specialized cyst cells responsible for secreting thyroid hormones directly into the bloodstream. This endocrine gland plays a crucial role in the body’s energy production and controls vital metabolic processes. The pituitary gland secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which prompts the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormone.

The thyroid gland is like a butterfly. It is vulnerable to diseases that hinder the production of hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones are necessary for increased energy, cellular metabolism, blood circulation, and food digestion.

Thyroid hormones also affect body growth and mental development, even in the womb. Pregnant women often undergo special tests to ensure proper thyroid function.

Hypothyroidism:
Symptoms vary but usually include fatigue, sensitivity to cold, hair loss, constipation, slow pulse, and muscle weakness. Treatment usually involves taking thyroid hormone replacement pills prescribed by an endocrinologist.

Hyperthyroidism:
Increased thyroid secretions may result from cysts, tumors, or Graves’ disease, an immune system defect that causes hyperthyroidism. Symptoms include rapid heartbeat, high blood pressure, weight loss, sweating, diarrhea, hair loss, and depression. Treatment includes medications to reduce thyroid hormone production or surgical options.

According to Harvard Medicine, while taking thyroid medications, individuals generally do not need a special diet, except for a few considerations. Recommendations include reducing soy protein intake and avoiding excessive iodine intake. The importance of a balanced diet that supports overall health, including thyroid health, is emphasized, with suggestions for incorporating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy oils.

The British Thyroid Foundation advises drinking plenty of fluids, while warning against consuming soy due to its interference with the absorption of thyroid hormone.